和平案というより、中国の「考え方」

和平案ではないものの、指針、「考え方」ではある。

China’s Position on the Political Settlement of the Ukraine Crisis (fmprc.gov.cn)

重要と思われる論点を抜粋しておこう。

1. Respecting the sovereignty of all countries. Universally recognized international law, including the purposes and principles of the United Nations Charter, must be strictly observed. The sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of all countries must be effectively upheld. All countries, big or small, strong or weak, rich or poor, are equal members of the international community. All parties should jointly uphold the basic norms governing international relations and defend international fairness and justice. Equal and uniform application of international law should be promoted, while double standards must be rejected.

【非戦闘員の人命尊重／穀物輸出経路・サプライチェーンの維持確保】

6. Protecting civilians and prisoners of war (POWs). Parties to the conflict should strictly abide by international humanitarian law, avoid attacking civilians or civilian facilities, protect women, children and other victims of the conflict, and respect the basic rights of POWs. China supports the exchange of POWs between Russia and Ukraine, and calls on all parties to create more favorable conditions for this purpose.

9. Facilitating grain exports. All parties need to implement the Black Sea Grain Initiative signed by Russia, Türkiye, Ukraine and the UN fully and effectively in a balanced manner, and support the UN in playing an important role in this regard. The cooperation initiative on global food security proposed by China provides a feasible solution to the global food crisis.

11. Keeping industrial and supply chains stable. All parties should earnestly maintain the existing world economic system and oppose using the world economy as a tool or weapon for political purposes. Joint efforts are needed to mitigate the spillovers of the crisis and prevent it from disrupting international cooperation in energy, finance, food trade and transportation and undermining the global economic recovery.

【国連の承認を得ない一方的制裁の非難】

10. Stopping unilateral sanctions. Unilateral sanctions and maximum pressure cannot solve the issue; they only create new problems. China opposes unilateral sanctions unauthorized by the UN Security Council. Relevant countries should stop abusing unilateral sanctions and “long-arm jurisdiction” against other countries, so as to do their share in deescalating the Ukraine crisis and create conditions for developing countries to grow their economies and better the lives of their people.

国連中心の国際協調を前面に出し、覇権主義を排している。世界経済の政治利用にも明確に反対し、諸国民の経済生活の維持確保を絶対要件としている。

関係者の反応はいかに。アメリカ（ブリンケン）は第一の提案（国際法遵守）に忠実に従うならばロシアを侵略者、主権侵害者として非難し、ロシアの始めた侵攻をロシアにやめさせるという結論となるはずだ、としている。NATO（ストルテンベルク）も同様の見解。簡潔・的確な批判だ。

ロシアはこの中国の指針を歓迎し（拒否したとの報道もあるが露が中国の譲歩要求拒否　独主力戦車、初のウクライナ引き渡し - 産経ニュース (sankei.com)、中国側の提案を一顧だにしない＝体面を汚すことはないのではないか）、ウクライナは警戒と期待の入り混じった立場を表明している。

U.S. dismisses China’s Ukraine peace proposal as an attempt to distract - POLITICO

China’s support for Russia taints Ukraine ‘peace’ plan, western officials say | Financial Times (ft.com)

China calls for Russia-Ukraine ceasefire as claims to neutrality questioned | CNN

（動画）

Russia, Ukraine face off at UN Security Council; Spanish Foreign Minister responds to WION - YouTube

ゼレンスキー大統領が会見　中国の和平案に「悪くない」｜FNNプライムオンライン

ゼレンスキー大統領「中国の考えにすぎない」　バイデン大統領は「合理的でない」と批判 (ntv.co.jp)

ゼレンスキー大統領「習近平国家主席との会談を予定」中国と協議を進める方針 (ntv.co.jp)

日本の反応（林外相）。